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<Paper uid="W97-0619">
  <Title>Corpus-Based Information Presentation for a Spoken Public Transport Information System* M.M.M. Rats and R.J. van Vark and J.P.M. de Vreught Knowledge Based Systems</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="106" type="relat">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Related Work
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> VIos is a Dutch version of the train timetable information system developed by Philips Aachen for the Deutsche Bundesbahn (Aust and Oerder, 1995; Aust et al., 1995). It was developed within the European LE-MLAP project MAIS (Strik et al., 1996), the aim of which was to make a Dutch and French version of the Philips system.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> A related European research project was the LE-MLAP project RAILTEL (Bennacef et al., 1996) which strived to develop prototype telephone services for access to train travel information. Prototype systems are being developed for France  V: I have found the following connection.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> Departure from Delft at twenty hours forty-two, arrival at Rotterdam CS at twenty hours fifty-six, there change to Utrecht CS, departure at twenty-one hours seven, arrival in Utrecht CS at twenty-one hours forty-three.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> Do you want me to repeat the connection again? V: Ik heb de volgende verbinding gevonden.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Vertrek vanuit Delft om twintig uur twee~nveertig, aankomst in Rotterdam CS om twintig uur zesenvijftig, daar overstappen naar Utrecht CS, vertrek om eenentwintig uur zeven, aankomst in Utrecht CS om eenentwintig uur drie~nveertig.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> Wilt u dat ik de verbinding nog eens herhaal? (LIMSI), Italy (CSELT), and the U.K. (CCIR).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="6"> The successor of these projects is the European project ARISE, which aims to improve the previous versions of the different systems. OVR is a partner in both MAIS and ARISE.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> Besides Alparon several other universities and companies in the Netherlands are working to improve VIos. Most of them are working in the Ovls project (Bores et al., 1995), which aims to develop the next version of VIOS for the Dutch context. In the Alparon project, we are allowed to try and test out new ideas beyond this next version.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="8"> Our work is also inspired by other related research projects. One of them is the TRAINS project (Allen et al., 1995), that tries to build an interactive planning assistant that helps a user to construct and monitor plans concerning a railroad freight system.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="9"> Another related project is described in (Carenini et al., 1994). They have developed a system that uses text planning and user modelling techniques to generate natural language descriptions of migraine, its symptoms, triggering factors and prescriptions.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="10"> The system is capable of handling follow-up questions requesting further information, and generating responses in context of previously supplied information. In (Cawsey, 1993) the EDGE system is described, which is able to plan explanations which allow interactions with the user.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="11"> For text generation, we found useful ideas in (Prevost, 1996), where an architecture is described for the generation of spoken text with contextually appropriate intonation. The schema approach (McKeown, 1985), and the systems DYD (Deemter and Odijk, 1995), and GoalGetter (Klabbers et al., 1997) were inspiring too.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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