<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
<Paper uid="P95-1049">
  <Title>S A SP Vp A A NP I OP VP N NO ~1 V I I I</Title>
  <Section position="4" start_page="0" end_page="317" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Korean-English Machine
Translation Using STAGs
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> STAGs are a variant of TAGs introduced to characterize correspondences between tree adjoining languages. They can be used to relate TAGs for two different languages for machine translation (Abeill6 et al., 1990). The translation process consists of three steps. The source sentence is parsed according to the source grammar. Each elementary tree in the derivation is considered with the features given from the derivation through unification. Second, the source derivation tree is transferred to a target derivation.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> This step maps each elementary tree in the source derivation tree to a tree in the target derivation tree by looking in the transfer lexicon. And finally, the target sentence is generated from the target derivation tree obtained in the previous step.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> The transfer lexicon consists of pairs of trees, one from the source language and the other from the target language. Within the pair of trees, nodes may be linked. Whenever adjunction or substitution is performed on a linked node in a source tree, the corresponding operation applies to the linked node in the target tree.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Canonical ordering of the arguments of transitive verbs in Korean is SOV. Whereas the case marker in English is implicit in the word, case markers are explicit in Korean. This is reflected in the transfer lexicon of Figure 1. So, the pair a in Figure 1 shows that Korean has an explicit subject case marker i, and the pair/~ shows that Korean has an explicit object case marker lul. Also, the pair 7 shows the links between SOV structure of Korean to SVO structure of English.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> K: Tom-i Jerry-lul ccossnunta. 1 Tom-NOM Jerry-ACC chase E: Tom chases Jerry.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="6"> To translate sentence (1), we start with the pair 7 in Figure 1, and we substitute the pair a on the link from the Korean node SP to the English node NP.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> Then, pair/~ is substituted into the NP-OP pairs in 7, thus correctly transferring sentence (1).</Paragraph>
  </Section>
class="xml-element"></Paper>