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<Paper uid="C88-2142">
  <Title>Dialogue Translation vs. Text Translation -Interpretation Based Approach-</Title>
  <Section position="2" start_page="0" end_page="688" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
1 Introduction
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Although we had been engaged in developing an MT system of texts for several years (Mu project \[Nagao85, Nagao86\]), we were puzzle( |when we examined the data of dialogue translation gathered by the research group of ATR, which is a newly established research organization for translation of telephone dialogues and is now gathering dialogue translation data in various hypothetical situations. null The sample translations gathered by the ATR research group looked very difficult for machines, but we rarely found syntactic structures which make textual translation so difficult, such as long noun phrases or clauses, complicated conjuncted phrases, etc.(\[Tsujii84\] \[Tsnjii88\]). On the other hand, most of the translations of dialogues between Japanese and English, which were produced by professional human interpreters, did not preserve syntactic structures of their original sentences at all. They were completely paraphrased in the target language and seemed very hard to be produced by conventional techniques developed for textual MT systems.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Both translations, dialogue and textual translations, are difficult, but their difficulties are very different frqm each olher.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> We discuss in this paper the differences of dialogue translation systems and textual translation systems. Bcausel we do not know the difficulties of recognition of spoken ut- null terances, we will avoid the discussion about the difficulties of interfacing the speech recognition part and the linguistic processing part~ which we will certainly encounter in spoken dialogue translation systems. The dialogue trmmlation in this paper is restricted to the translation of dialogues through keyboards, on which ATR is now concern trated.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> The differences of these two translation systems mainly come from the fact that dialogues of certain types are more goal-oriented than ordinary texts. We will argue that the goal orientedness of dialogues makes dialogue translation systems more feasible than textual translation systems, though they are usually considered much harder.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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