<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
<Paper uid="P84-1058">
  <Title>FERVOR FLETRIR FORCER FOR~R FORMER FORMER FORNER FRANCHIR I ! I I  |' \] -~ .E .'3 .=~ I - * LPS COUP - - POSS-C/ i i DOULEUR - + LPS TRUC - - POSS-~ BONHPSUR - - - CA - - POSS-C/ CHgHISE r - - LE NOMBRZL - . det SITUATION + - LA VERITE LE VENIN - + LE LOT J- , POSS-(P - / BATTERTES J - ~ LE HARNOIS - ~ LE CLOU - . UNE LUHIERE i: NORT 'NC&amp;quot;OT ii! Tout N BRIN DE TOILETTE GRISE MZN~ HARA-KIRI JURISPRUDENCE ;- + UNPS NINUTE DE SILENCE NO~BRE :- + DET OPERATION PORTE OUVERTE - - DU QUARANTE CINO FILLETTE TAPIS TINTIN - - POSS-~ VOIX - - DET ENFANT - - DET ENFANT - * POS$-~ PORTES - + DET CRIME</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="275" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
1. VERBS
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> The syntactic properties of French verbs have been limited in terms of the size of sentences, that is, by restricting the type of complements to object complements. We considered 3 main types of objects: direct, and with prepositions ~ and de. Verbs have been selected from current dictionaries according to the reproducibility of the syntactic judgments carried out on them by a team of linguists. A set of about 10~000 verbs has thus been studied.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> The properties systematically studied for each verb are the  standard ones: 1 E.R.A. 247 of the C.N.R.S. afiliated to the Universities Paris 7 and Paris Viii.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> 2 Publication of the lexicon-grammar is under way. The main  segments available are: Boons, Guillet, Lecldre 1976a, 1976b and Gross 1975 for French verbs, Giry-Schneider 1978, A. Meunier 1981, de Ndgroni 1978, for nominalizations, - distributional properties, such as human or non human nouns, and their pronominal shapes (definite, relative, interrogative pronouns &lt;3&gt;, clitics), possibility of sentential subjects and complements que (that S), ai 3 (whether S, if S) or reduced infinitive forms noted V Comp, transformational properties, such as passive, extraposition, clit icization, etc, /~logether, 500 properties have been checked against the 1~000 verbs &lt;4&gt;.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> More precisely, each property can be viewed as a sentence form. Consider for example the transitive structure</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> We are using Z.S. Harris' notation for sentence structure: noun phrases are indexed by numerical subscripts, starting with the subject indexed by 0. We can note the property &amp;quot;human subject&amp;quot; in the following equivalent ways: (2) Nhum V N 1 or N O (:: Nhum) V N t w~ere the symbol :: is used to specify a structure . A passive structure will be noted (3) N I be V-ed by N O A transformation is a relation between two structures noted &amp;quot;=deg': (1) = (3) corresponds to the Passive rule The syntactic information attached to simple sentences can thus be represented in a uniform way by means ot binary matrix (Table 1). Each row ot the matrix corresponds to a verb, each column to a sentence form. When a verb enters into a sentence form, a &amp;quot;+&amp;quot; sign is placed at the intersection of the corresponding row and column, if not s &amp;quot;-&amp;quot; sagn. The description of the French verbs does not have the shape of a 10,000x500 matrix. Because of its redundancy (cf. note 4 1, the matrix has been broken down into about 50 submatrices whose size is 200x40 on the average. It is such a system of submatrices that we call a lexicon-grammar.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="6"> J Actually, the shape of interrogative pronouns: qu~ (who), que-quoi (what) has been used to define a formal notion of object.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> 4 Not all properties are relevant to each of the 10~000 verbs. For example, the properties of clitics associated to object complements are irrelevant to intransitive verbs.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="9"/>
    <Paragraph position="11"> Intransitive Verbs (From Boons. GuilipP. r~l &amp;quot;~ S, Guillet, 5ecl~re 1976a) Table 1 Although the 3 prepositions &amp;quot;zero&amp;quot;, a and de ere felt and described as the basic ones by traditional grammarians, the descriptions have never received any objective bee,s. The lexicon-grammar we have constructed provides s general picture of the shapes of obleCts tn French. The numerical distr,butlon of oblect patterns is given ,n table 2, according to their number in a sentence and to their preposlhonal shape.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="13"/>
  </Section>
class="xml-element"></Paper>