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<Paper uid="W06-1313">
  <Title>References</Title>
  <Section position="4" start_page="88" end_page="88" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Testbed
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Our current testbed, Radiobot-CFF, has been developed in a military training environment, JFETS-UTM, at the U.S. Army base in in Ft. Sill, Oklahoma. JFETS-UTM trains soldiers to make Calls for Fire (CFFs), in which a Forward Observer (FO) team locates an enemy target and requests an artillery fire mission by radio from a Fire Direction Center (FDC). The training room resembles a battle-scarred apartment in a Middle Eastern country. A window shows a virtual city displayed by a rear-projected computer screen, and the soldiers use binoculars with computer displays at their ends to search for targets.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Ordinarily, two trainers control a UTM session.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> One communicates with the FO via a simulated radio, and the other decides what the artillery fire should be and inputs it to a GUI for the simulator. It is our goal to replace those two trainers with one trainer focusing on assessment while Radiobot-CFF handles the radio communications and interfaces with the virtual world.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> Radiobot-CFF is composed of several pipelined components. A Speech Recognition component is implemented using the SONIC speech recognition system (Pellom, 2001) with custom language and acoustic models. An Interpreter component tags the ASR output with its its dialogue move and parameter labels using two separate Conditional Random Field (Sha and Pereira, 2003; Mc-Callum, 2002) taggers trained on hand-annotated utterances. A Dialogue Manager processes the tagged output, sending a reply to the FO (via a template-based Generator) and, when necessary, a message to the artillery simulator FireSim XXI1 to make decisions on what type of fire to send. The reply to FO and messages to simulator are mediated by GUIs where the trainer can intervene if</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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