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<Paper uid="W04-2711">
  <Title>Valency Frames of Czech Verbs in VALLEX 1.0</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Similar Projects for English Verbs4
2.1 FrameNet
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> FrameNet ((Fillmore, 2002)) groups lexical units (pairings of words and senses) into sets according to whether they permit parallel semantic descriptions. The verbs belonging to a particular set share the same collection of frame-relevant semantic roles. The 'general-purpose' semantic roles (as Agent, Patient, Theme, Instrument, Goal, and so on) are replaced by more specific 'frame-specific' role names (e.g. Speaker, Addressee, Message and Topic for 'speaking verbs').</Paragraph>
    <Section position="1" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="sub_section">
      <SectionTitle>
2.2 Levin Verb Classes
</SectionTitle>
      <Paragraph position="0"> Levin semantic classes ((Levin, 1993)) are constructed from verbs which undergo a certain number of alternations (where an alternation means a change in the realization of the argument structure of a verb, as e.g. 'conative alternation' Edith cuts the bread - Edith cuts at the bread).</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="1"> These alternations are specific to English. For Czech, e.g.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="2"> particular types of diatheses can be considered as useful alternations.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="3"> Both FrameNet and Levin classification are focused (at least for the time being) only on selected meanings of verbs.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="4"> 4For comparison of PropBank, Lexical Conceptual Database, and PDT, see (HajicVova' and KucVerova', 2002).</Paragraph>
    </Section>
    <Section position="2" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="sub_section">
      <SectionTitle>
2.3 PropBank
</SectionTitle>
      <Paragraph position="0"> In the PropBank corpus ((Kingsbury and Palmer, 2002)) sentences are annotated with predicate-argument structure. The human annotators use the lexicon containing verbs and their 'frames' - lists of their possible complementations. The lexicon is called 'Frame Files'.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="1"> Frame Files are mapped to individual members of Levin classes.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="2"> There is only a minimal specification of the connections between the argument types and semantic roles - in principle, a one-argument verb has arg0 in its frame, a two-argument verb has arg0 and arg1, etc. Frame Files store all the meanings of the verbs, with their description and examples.</Paragraph>
    </Section>
  </Section>
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