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<Paper uid="P04-1017">
  <Title>Improving Pronoun Resolution by Incorporating Coreferential Information of Candidates</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 The Impact of Coreferential
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"/>
    <Section position="1" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="sub_section">
      <SectionTitle>
Information on Pronoun
Resolution
</SectionTitle>
      <Paragraph position="0"> In pronoun resolution, the center of attention throughout the discourse segment is a very important factor for antecedent selection (Mitkov, 1999). If a candidate is the focus (or center) of the local discourse, it would be selected as the antecedent with a high possibility. See the following example, &lt;s&gt; Gitano1 has pulled ofi a clever illusion2 with its3 advertising4. &lt;s&gt; &lt;s&gt; The campaign5 gives its6 clothes a youthful and trendy image to lure consumers into the store. &lt;s&gt;  In the above text, the pronoun \its6&amp;quot; has several antecedent candidates, i.e., \Gitano1&amp;quot;, \a clever illusion2&amp;quot;, \its3&amp;quot;, \its advertising4&amp;quot; and \The campaign5&amp;quot;. Without looking back, \The campaign5&amp;quot; would be probably selected because of its syntactic role (Subject) and its distance to the anaphor. However, given the knowledge that the company Gitano is the focus of the local context and \its3&amp;quot; refers to \Gitano1&amp;quot;, it would be clear that the pronoun \its6&amp;quot; should be resolved to \its3&amp;quot; and thus \Gitano1&amp;quot;, rather than other competitors.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="1"> To determine whether a candidate is the \focus&amp;quot; entity, we should check how the status (e.g. grammatical functions) of the entity alternates in the local context. Therefore, it is necessary to track the NPs in the coreferential chain of the candidate. For example, the syntactic roles (i.e., subject) of the antecedents of \its3&amp;quot; would indicate that \its3&amp;quot; refers to the most salient entity in the discourse segment.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="2"> In our study, we keep the properties of the antecedents as features of the candidates, and use the supervised learning method to explore their in uence on pronoun resolution. Actually, to determine the local focus, we only need to check the entities in a short discourse segment. That is, for a candidate, the number of its adjacent antecedents to be checked is limited. Therefore, we could evaluate the salience of a candidate by looking back only its closest antecedent instead of each element in its coreferential chain, with the assumption that the closest antecedent is able to provide su-cient information for the evaluation.</Paragraph>
    </Section>
  </Section>
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