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<Paper uid="C04-1103">
  <Title>Direct Orthographical Mapping for Machine Transliteration</Title>
  <Section position="2" start_page="0" end_page="1" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
1 Introduction
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Many technical terms and proper names, such as personal, location and organization names, are translated from one language into another language with approximate phonetic equivalents. The phonetic translation from the native language to foreign language is defined as transliteration; conversely, the process of recalling a word in native language from a transliteration is defined as back-transliteration. For example, English name &amp;quot;Smith&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Shi Mi Si (pinyin</Paragraph>
  </Section>
class="xml-element"></Paper>