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<Paper uid="C00-2128">
  <Title>A Statistical Approach to the Processing of Metonymy</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="885" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Recognition and Interpretation
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Two main steps, recognition and i'ntc.'q~vcration, are involved in the processing of metonyn~y (Fass, 1.!)97). in tile recognition st;el), metonylnic exl)ressions are labeled. 1111 the intel'l)r(:tation st;el) , the meanings of those ext)ressions me int, eri)reted.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Sentence (1), for examl)le, is first recognized as a metonymy an(t ~Shakespeare' is identified as the explicit term. 't'he interpretation 'works' is selected as an implicit term and 'Shakespeare' is replaced 1)y 'the works of Shakespeare'.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> A conq)rehensive survey by Fass (\]997) shows that the most COllllllOll metho(1 of recognizing metonymies is by selection-restriction violations. Whether or not statistical approaches can recognize metonymy as well as the selection-restriction violation method is an interesting question. Our concern here, however, is the interpretation of metonymy, so we leave that question for a future work.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> In interpretation, an implicit term (or terms) that is (are) related to the explicit term is (are) selected. The method described in this paper uses corpus st~tistics for interpretation.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> tual clues obtained through corl)us mmlysis tor detecting metal)lmrs.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5">  This method, as applied to Japanese metonymies, receives a metonymy in a phrase of the tbnn 'Noun A Case-Marker R Predicate V' and returns a list of nouns ranked in order of the system's estimate of their suitability as interpretations of the metonylny, aSSulning that noun A is the explicit tenn. For example, given For'a a wo (accusative-case) kau (buy) (buy a Ford), Vay .sya (ear), V .st .sdl , r'uma (vehicle), etc. are returned, in that order. Tile method fbllows tile procedure outlined below to interpret a inetonymy.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="6"> 1. Given a metonymy in the form 'Noun A Case-Marker R Predicate V', nouns that can 1)e syntactically related to the explicit term A are extracted from a corpus.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> 2. The extracted nouns are rmlked according to their appropriateness as interpretations of the metonymy by applying a statistical measure.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="8"> The first step is discussed in section 3 and the second in section 4.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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