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<Paper uid="P79-1014">
  <Title>H~ADING WITH A PURPOSE</Title>
  <Section position="6" start_page="62" end_page="62" type="concl">
    <SectionTitle>
5. CONCLUSION
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> IPP has been implemented on a DECsystem 20/50 at Yale.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> It currently has a vocabulary of more than I~00 words wnlcn is oelng continually Increased in an attempt to make the program an expert underst~der of newspaper stories scout terrorism. PSt is also planned to add information about nigher level knowledge structures such as ~oals and plans and expand IPP's domain of interest.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> To date, IPP has successfully processed over 50 stories taken directly from various newspapers, many sight unseen.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> The difference between the powers of IPP and the syntactlcally driven parsers mentioned earller can cent be seen by the Kinds of sentences they handle.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Syntax-0ased parsers generally deal with relatively simple, syntactically well-formed sentences. IPP handles sucn sentences, Out also accurately processes stories taken directly from newspapers, which often involve extremely convoluted syntax, and in many cases are not grammatical at all. Sentences of this type are difficult, if not impossible for parsers relyln~ on syntax. IPP is sole to process news stories quickly, on the order of 2 CPU seconds, and when done, it has achieved a complete understandln~ of the story, not Just a syntactic parse.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> As shown in tne examples above, interest can provide a purpose for reading newspaper stories. In other situations, other factors might provide the purpose.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="6"> But the purpose is never simply to create a representation - especially a representation with no semantic content, such as a syntax tree. This is not to say syntax is not important, obviously in many circumstances it provides crucial information, but it should not drive the understanding process. Preliminary representations are needed only if they assist in the reader's ultimate purpose bulldln~ an appropriate, high-level representation which can be incorporated with already existing Knowledge. The results achieved by IPP indicate that parsing directly into high-level knowledge structures is possible, and in many situations may well be more practical than first doin~ a low-level parse.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> Its integrated approacn allows IPP to make use of all the various kinds of knowledge which people use when understandtn~ a story.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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