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<Paper uid="N04-1027">
  <Title>The Tao of CHI: Towards Effective Human-Computer Interaction</Title>
  <Section position="7" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="concl">
    <SectionTitle>
6 Conclusion and Future Work
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> As the primary effects of the human-directed language exhibited by today's conversational dialogue systems, our experiments show that the human interlocutor: a0 ceases in the production of feedback signals, which has been observed before, a0 still attempts to use his or her turn signals for marking turn boundaries - which, however, remain ignored by the system - and a0 increases the amount of pauses, caused by waiting and uncertainty effects, which also is manifested by missing overlaps at turn boundaries.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Generally, we can conclude that a felicitous dialogue needs some amount of extra-propositional exchange between the interlocutors. The complete absence of such dialogue controlling mechanisms - by the non-human interlocutors alone - literally causes the dialogical situation to get out of control, as observable in the turn-taking and -overtaking phenomena described in Section 2. As witnessable in recent evaluations, this way of behaving does not serve the intended end, i. e., efficient, intuitive and felicitous human-computer interaction.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> As future work we propose to take the Wizard and Operator Test paradigm introduced herein and to change and adjust the parameters of the computer-human interaction - while performing subsequent measurements of the ensuing effects - until an acceptable degree of dialogue efficiency is reached. That is, finding out just how much extra-propositional signaling is needed to guarantee a felicitous dialogue. Such communicative behavior, then has to be implemented in dialogue systems, to make their way of communicating more like that of their human partners.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> In our minds, achieving dialogue quality remains an important challenge for the scientific community, but - as we have shown herein and seen in recent evaluations - dialogue efficiency constitutes another necessary condition for achieving dialogue felicity.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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